| Hagelin's Once-Promising CareerTracing Its Descent through Dwindling Publications | ||
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John Hagelin did begin his career in physics with great promise. He now claims, however, to be the primary author of one of quantum physic's hottest theories. Superstring theory seeks to explain all physical laws in terms of one, neat system. Hagelin, however, was not the primary author on the foundational superstring papers, but co-wrote them with John Ellis, director of the eminently prestigious CERN, and others. (Authors on scholarly papers are traditionally listed in order of their contribution to the paper's contents.) And his publications have gradually dwindled. With no new publications since 1995, his production has dropped dramatically. Most recently many of his publications have been less prestigious summaries and surveys of his and others previous work in the field. Some abstracts below are truncated for space. (Research submitted by Don Krieger. Written by this former Transcendental Meditation teacher and insider, please see his excellent site for additional information on John Hagelin, Transcendental Meditation, and the Maharishi.)Hagelin's PublicationsTitle: Van der Pol's equation and nonlinear oscillations in a beam plasma systemAuthor: Walsh-JE; Hagelin-JS Source: Physics-of-Fluids. vol.19, no.2; Feb. 1976; p.339-40 Publication Year: 1976 Language: English Abstract: The description of nonlinear oscillations in a beam plasma system in terms of the Van der Pol equation is investigated. It is shown that a nonlinear rate equation which is qualitatively equivalent to the Van der Pol equation can be obtained by expanding the beam plasma dispersion relation around both the most unstable root and the perturbed orbits of a typical beam electron. The calculation gives an analytic approximation to trapping. Title: Weak mass mixing, CP violation, and the decay of b-quark mesons Author: Hagelin-JS Source: Physical-Review-D-(Particles-and-Fields). vol.20, no.11; 1 Dec. 1979; p.2893-8 Publication Year: 1979 Language: English Abstract: Weak mixing and CP parameters for the B/sub d/-B/sub d/ and B/sub s/-B/sub s/ systems are computed in the Kobayashi-Maskawa (KM) model and found to exceed previous estimates. New values for the KM angles are presented. Explicit calculation of Delta Gamma /sub B/ from the absorptive part of the B/sup 0/-B/sup 0/ mixing amplitude and a formalism for large CP violation are included. Title: Phase of epsilon '/sub K/ and the sign of sin delta Author: Hagelin-JS Source: Physical-Review-D-(Particles-and-Fields). vol.23, no.1; 1 Jan. 1981; p.119-22 Publication Year: 1981 Language: English Abstract: New Kobayashi-Maskawa angular regions characterized by sin delta <0 are explored. Such regions are found to satisfy all existing phenomenological constraints, and bear interesting implications for future phenomenology. Prior theoretical lower bounds on the magnitude of epsilon '/sub K/ are respected by the new angular regions, but a change in sign provides the opportunity to confirm or eliminate the new regions in the forthcoming mod eta /sub 00// eta /sub +-/ mod experiments. Title: Radiative corrections to sin/sup 2/ theta /sub w/ to leading logarithm in the W-boson mass Author: Dawson-S; Hagelin-JS; Hall-L Source: Physical-Review-D-(Particles-and-Fields). vol.23, no.11; 1 June 1981; p.2666-81 Publication Year: 1981 Language: English Abstract: The renormalization group is used to sum radiative corrections to weak neutral-current and charged-current processes to leading logarithm in the W-boson mass. Strong and electromagnetic corrections in sin/sup 2/ theta /sub W/(M/sub W/) determined from deep-inelastic neutrino-nucleon scattering and polarized eD experiments are computed. The leading-logarithm corrections produce a decrease in sin/sup 2/ theta /sub W/(M/sub W/) from its uncorrected value by 0.015 in this analysis of deep-inelastic scattering and 0.009 in the polarized eD analysis. The W- and Z-boson masses are predicted to be 82.6 and 93.4 GeV. The results the authors quote are suitable for a direct comparison with predictions from grand unified theories. Title: Comment on CP violation in B/sup 0/-B/sup 0/ mixing Author: Hagelin-JS; Wise-MB Source: Nuclear-Physics-B. vol.B189, no.1; 12 Oct. 1981; p.87-92 Publication Year: 1981 Language: English Abstract: Notes that in the six-quark model the CP violating dilepton asymmetry in semileptonic B/sup 0/-B/sup 0/ decays can be significant only if the non-zero value of the charm quark mass plays an important role in the B/sup 0/-B/sup 0/ width or mass transition matrix elements. The annihilation diagram which has been proposed as a source of the difference between the charged and neutral D meson lifetimes, is considered. The authors show that this diagram does not contribute to the B/sup 0/-B/sup 0/ width transition matrix element because of the helicity mismatch. Title: Mass mixing and CP violation in the B/sup 0/-B/sup 0/ system Author: Hagelin-JS Source: Nuclear-Physics-B. vol.B193, no.1; 21 Dec. 1981; p.123-49 Publication Year: 1981 Language: English Abstract: Mass mixing and CP violation in the B/sup 0/-B/sup 0/ system are studied in the standard six-quark model. The mass and width differences are obtained by reliable methods, and their radiative corrections included to leading logarithm. Constraints on the Kobayashi-Maskawa parameter are rederived in order to permit a quantitative account of B/sup 0/ phenomenology. Strong evidence against the observability of CP violation in B/sup 0/-B/sup 0/ mixing is presented. Title: Higgs-boson-exchange models of CP violation and K to 2 pi Author: Donoghue-JF; Hagelin-JS; Holstein-BR Source: Physical-Review-D-(Particles-and-Fields). vol.25, no.1; 1 Jan. 1982; p.195-205 Publication Year: 1982 Language: English Abstract: Work by N. Deshpande (1981) and A. Sanda (1981), which appears to invalidate Higgs-boson-exchange models of CP noninvariance, is buttressed by (i) use of the MIT bag model to calculate matrix elements, (ii) use of experimental rather than calculated numbers for the K to 2 pi decay amplitude and the K/sub L/-K/sub S/ mass difference, and (iii) inclusion of possible t-quark effects. The authors conclude that, barring accidental cancellations, such Higgs-boson-exchange models are incompatible with experiment. Title: Consistency of models with CP violation predominantly in the Delta S=1 Hamiltonian Author: Hagelin-JS Source: Physics-Letters-B. vol.117B, no.6; 25 Nov. 1982; p.441-4 Publication Year: 1982 Language: English Abstract: It is emphasized that models with small or vanishing CP violation in the Delta S=2 'superweak' sector can be compatible with experiment provided there is 'direct' Delta S=1 CP violation and a 'soft' contribution to Delta M/sub K/. Such models must possess the following special features: (1) in '/ in negative and close to the experimental lower bound of -0.018; (2) a large negative 'soft' contribution to Delta M/sub K/ such that ReM/sub 12//sup soft/<or=-1.7 ReM/sub 12//sup exp/, consistent with some current algebra estimates. The Higgs-boson exchange model of Weinberg (1976) is an example of this class of model. The standard KM model can be another. Title: Search for photinos in e/sup +/e/sup -/ annihilation Author: Ellis-J; Hagelin-JS Source: Physics-Letters-B. vol.122B, no.3-4; 10 March 1983; p.303-8 Publication Year: 1983 Language: English Abstract: The authors discuss the pair production of massive photinos or other neutral gauginos in e/sup +/e/sup -/ annihilation. They present cross sections for e/sup +/e/sup -/ to gamma gamma and e/sup +/e/sup -/ to gamma gamma gamma including finite mass effects for both the selectron and the gaugino. Experimental signatures are a possible pair of photons from gamma decay each with (E/sub gamma /)=/sup 1///sub 4/E/sub cm/ and a single soft photon in the case of radiative pair production. The authors exhibit the domains of selectron and gaugino masses and of the supersymmetry breaking scale parameter that could be probed by dedicated searches, pointing out that the present PETRA and PEP centre-of-mass energies are nearly ideal for light gaugino hunts. Title: Constraints on light particles from kaon decays Author: Ellis-J; Hagelin-JS Source: Nuclear-Physics-B,-Particle-Physics. vol.B217, no.1; 9 May 1983; p.189-214 Publication Year: 1983 Language: English Abstract: The authors show that the decay K/sup +/ to pi /sup +/+unobserved neutrals (?) can give useful information about light neutral particles, including the number of neutrino types. Observation of the decay K/sup +/ to pi /sup +/+? would give a lower bound on the number of neutrinos, which would be strengthened by improvement of the present lower bound on the top quark mass m/sub t/. Nonobservation of the decay K/sup +/ to pi /sup +/+? gives an upper bound on the number of neutrinos whose associated leptons have masses outside a window whose width shrinks as m/sub t/ increases. Perturbative strong interactions are included in the calculations. They also estimate the rates for K/sup +/ to pi /sup +/+light neutral supersymmetric particles such as photinos, gravitinos and shiggses. They find that decays into photinos and gravitinos are suppressed relative to conventional neutrinos whereas decays into shiggses may be comparable with one conventional neutrino flavour. Title: Observable gravitationally induced baryon decay Author: Ellis-J; Hagelin-JS; Nanopoulos-DV; Tamvakis-K Source: Physics-Letters-B. vol.124B, no.6; 12 May 1983; p.484-90 Publication Year: 1983 Language: English Abstract: The authors find that in supersymmetric theories gravitodynamic effects scaled by the inverse of the Planck mass can induce baryon decay at an observable rate. In a minimal supersymmetric (susy) grand unified theory (GUT) the dominant gravitationally induced baryon decay mode is B to nu +K, with a likely admixture of p to (e/sup +/ or mu /sup +/)+K. As a by-product, they present an improved estimate of Higgs-mediated baryon decay branching ratios in minimal susy GUTs. They consider the possibility that a loss of quantum coherence may be observable in gravitationally induced baryon decay, but argue that this would be difficult to reconcile with successful experimental test of quantum mechanics. Title: Weak symmetry breaking by radiative corrections in broken supergravity Author: Ellis-J; Hagelin-JS; Nanopoulos-DV; Tamvakis-K Source: Physics-Letters-B. vol.125B, no.4; 2 June 1983; p.275-81 Publication Year: 1983 Language: English Abstract: Weak interaction gauge symmetry breaking can be generated by radiative corrections in a spontaneously broken supergravity theory, provided the top quark is heavy enough. In one class of such theories the weak Higgs vacuum expectation values are determined by dimensional transmutation a la Coleman-Weinberg (1973), and may be considerably larger than the magnitudes of SUSY breaking mass parameters. In this scenario m/sub t/>or=65 GeV, the supersymmetric partners of known particles may have masses <<m/sub W/, the mass of the lighter neutral scalar Higgs boson is determined by radiative corrections, and there is some variant of a light pseudoscalar axion. In contrast to conventional Coleman-Weinberg models, the weak phase transition is second order and there is no likelihood of excess entropy production. Title: A lower bound on mod epsilon '/ epsilon mod Author: Gilman-FJ; Hagelin-JS Source: Physics-Letters-B. vol.126B, no.1-2; 23 June 1983; p.111-16 Publication Year: 1983 Language: English Abstract: In the Kobayashi-Maskawa model, a lower bound on the CP violating product s/sub 2/c/sub 2/s/sub 3/s/sub delta / follows from the imaginary part of the short-distance K/sup 0/-K/sup 0/ mixing amplitude together with a conservative upper bound on the short-distance contribution to K/sub L/ to mu mu . This leads to a lower bound on mod epsilon '/ epsilon mod in terms of a matrix element of a single (V-A)*(V+A) type operator. Familiar current algebra and bag model estimates for this matrix element give mod epsilon '/ epsilon mod >2*10/sup -3/. The authors also observe that the experimental upper bound on the branching ratio for the b-quark into u-quarks fixes the sign of s/sub 2/c/sub 2/s/sub 3/s/sub delta / and epsilon '/ epsilon both to be positive. Allowances for QCD corrections and long distance effects are included throughout the analysis. Title: Search for supersymmetry at the pp collider Author: Ellis-J; Hagelin-JS; Nanopoulos-DV; Srednicki-M Source: Physics-Letters-B. vol.127B, no.3-4; 28 July 1983; p.233-41 Publication Year: 1983 Language: English Abstract: Many models of broken supersymmetry predict the existence of supersymmetric fermions chi /sup +or-,0/ with masses less than the W/sup +or-/ and Z/sup 0/. Often there are two light neutral fermions chi /sup 0/, even in models with large gaugino masses. The W/sup +or-/ have large branching ratios for decays into chi /sup +or-/+ chi /sup 0/, with the chi /sup +or-/ subsequently decaying into chi /sup 0/ plus hadrons or leptons. The authors propose looking at the CERN pp collider for W/sup +or-/ production and decay into supersymmetric fermions, a likely signature being 'zen' events with one broadened hadronic jet system recoiling against invisible missing transverse energy. Title: A lower bound on mod epsilon '/ epsilon mod Author: Hagelin-JS; Gilman-FJ Source: AIP-Conference-Proceedings. no.102; 1983; p.87-93 Publication Year: 1983 Language: English Abstract: In the Kobayashi-Maskawa (K-M) model, a lower bound on the CP violating product s/sub 2/c/sub 2/s/sub 3/s/sub delta / follows from the imaginary part of the short-distance K/sup 0/-K/sup 0/ mixing amplitude together with a conservative upper bound on the short distance contribution to K/sub L/ to mu mu . This leads to a lower bounded on mod epsilon '/ epsilon mod in terms of a matrix element of a single (V-A)*(V+A) type operator. Familiar current algebra and bag model estimates for this matrix element give mod epsilon '/ epsilon mod >2*10/sup -3/. The authors also observe that the experimental upper bound on the branching ratio for the b-quark into u-quarks fixes the sign of s/sub 2/c/sub 2/s/sub 3/s/sub delta / and epsilon '/ epsilon both to be positive. Allowances for QCD corrections and long distance effects are included throughout the analysis. Title: Search for neutral gauge fermions in e/sup +/e/sup -/ annihilation Author: Ellis-J; Frere-J-M; Hagelin-JS; Kane-GL; Petcov-ST Source: Physics-Letters-B. vol.132B, no.4-6; 1 Dec. 1983; p.436-42 Publication Year: 1983 Language: English Abstract: Many broken supersymmetric theories contain two light neutral fermions chi , chi ' which are mixtures of supersymmetric partners of the gauge and Higgs bosons. The heavier of these ( chi ') can be produced in e/sup +/e/sup -/annihilation by e/sup +/e/sup -/ to chi chi ' or chi ' chi ' with cross sections that may be comparable to that for e/sup +/e/sup -/ to nu /sub mu / nu /sub mu /: sigma =(0.1 to 10) pb at square root s=30 GeV. The chi ' likes to decay into an e/sup +/e/sup -/ or mu /sup +/ mu /sup -/ pair and a chi , which is likely for cosmological reasons to be almost a pure photino gamma . Associated production e/sup +/e/sup -/ to chi chi ' can lead to a one-sided 'zen' event structure with visible decay products in one hemisphere only, while e/sup +/e/sup -/ to chi ' chi ' can give 4-lepton final states with missing energy. Title: Improved bounds on some weak amplitudes from the b lifetime Author: Gilman-FJ; Hagelin-JS Source: Physics-Letters-B. vol.133B, no.6; 29 Dec. 1983; p.443-8 Publication Year: 1983 Language: English Abstract: The authors use recent information on the b lifetime to improve bounds on short-distance contributions arising from the t quark to various weak amplitudes. In particular, a previous lower bound on epsilon '/ epsilon is substantially increased, while the upper bound on K to pi nu nu is reduced. Title: Search for violations of quantum mechanics Author: Ellis-J; Hagelin-JS; Nanopoulos-DV; Srednicki-M Source: Proceedings of the 3rd LAMPF II Workshop. Los Alamos Nat. Lab, Los Alamos, NM, USA; 1983; 2 vol. (xxii+xii+1054) pp. p.580-95 vol.2 Publication Year: 1983 Language: English Abstract: The treatment of quantum effects in gravitational fields indicates that pure states may evolve into mixed states, and Hawking has proposed modifications of the axioms of field theory which incorporate the corresponding violation of quantum mechanics. The authors propose a modified Hamiltonian equation of motion for density matrices and use it to interpret upper bounds on the violation of quantum mechanics in different phenomenological situations. The most sensitive probes for violations of quantum mechanics we have found are the K/sup 0/-K/sup 0/ system and long baseline neutron interferometry experiments. In both cases they find upper bounds of about 2*10/sup -21/ GeV on contributions to the single-particle 'Hamiltonian' which violate quantum mechanical coherence. They discuss how these limits might be improved in the future. Title: Supersymmetric relics from the big bang Author: Ellis-J; Hagelin-JS; Nanopoulos-DV; Olive-K; Srednicki-M Source: Nuclear-Physics-B,-Particle-Physics. vol.B238, no.2; 11 June 1984; p.453-76 Publication Year: 1984 Language: English Abstract: The authors consider the cosmological constraints on supersymmetric theories with a new, stable particle. Circumstantial evidence points to a neutral gauge/Higgs fermion as the best candidate for this particle, and the authors derive bounds on the parameters in the lagrangian which govern its mass and couplings. One favored possibility is that the lightest neutral supersymmetric particle is predominantly a photino gamma with mass above /sup 1///sub 2/ GeV, while another is that the lightest neutral supersymmetric particle is a Higgs fermion with mass above 5 GeV or less than O(100) eV. They also point out that a gravitino mass of 10 to 100 GeV implies that the temperature after completion of an inflationary phase cannot be above 10/sup 14/ GeV, and probably not above 3*10/sup 12/ GeV. This imposes constraints on mechanisms for generating the baryon number of the universe. Title: Baryon wave functions and nucleon decay Author: Brodsky-SJ; Ellis-J; Hagelin-JS; Sachrajda-CT Source: Nuclear-Physics-B,-Particle-Physics. vol.B238, no.3; 18 June 1984; p.561-81 Publication Year: 1984 Language: English Abstract: The authors apply to nucleon decay the knowledge about the short-distance structure of baryon wave functions gleaned from QCD form factor calculations and the J/ psi to pp decay rate. They review the uncertainties arising when current algebra and PCAC are used to relate N to l+meson decay rates to (0 mod qqq mod N) matrix elements. They show that the relevant matrix elements are not directly related to those of the leading twist operators 'measured' in conventional high momentum transfer physics, but argue for an indirect relation based on models that fit both form factor and J/ psi decay data. They use these inputs to calculate the p to e/sup +/ pi /sup 0/ decay rate in minimal SU(5) and other grand unified theories (GUTs) for a specified value of the heavy vector boson mass m/sub x/. The results combined with the recent experimental lower limit on this mode indicate that m/sub x/>2*10/sup 15/ GeV in the minimal SU(5) GUT, and they derive analogous bounds for supersymmetric GUTs. Title: Perhaps scalar neutrinos are the lightest supersymmetric partners Author: Hagelin-JS; Kane-GL; Raby-S Source: Nuclear-Physics-B,-Particle-Physics. vol.B241, no.2; 23 July 1984; p.638-52 Publication Year: 1984 Language: English Abstract: The authors consider the possibility that the scalar partners of the neutrinos ( nu ) are the least massive supersymmetric partners, and show that this alternative is compatible with cosmological constraints, which put a significant lower bound on photino masses but not on nu masses. Various consequences are examined: the photon counting rate for e/sup +/e/sup -/ to gamma nu nu /sub a/, nu /sub a/=anti nu , may be large; the e/sup +/e/sup -/ to W/sup +/W/sup -/ by nu exchange is enhanced; Z/sup 0/ to nu nu /sub a/ increases Gamma (Z/sup 0/) by about 0.25 GeV; W/sup +or-/ to l/sup +or-/ nu may be enhanced; the decay tau to nu /sub tau /l nu /sub al/ may be detectable; there can be additional contributions to the rare decay K/sup +/ to pi /sup +/ nu nu /sub a/; restrictions on gluino masses, which depend on photinos interacting before they decay, have to be re-examined; scalar neutrinos have suitable characteristics as candidates for dark matter in the universe. Title: Dimensional transmutation in broken supergravity Author: Ellis-J; Hagelin-JS; Nanopoulos-DV; Tamvakis-K Source: AIP-Conference-Proceedings. no.116; 1984; p.55-65 Publication Year: 1984 Language: English Abstract: Weak interaction gauge symmetry breaking can be generated by radiative corrections in a spontaneously broken supergravity theory, provided the top quark is heavy enough. In one class of such theories the weak Higgs vacuum expectation values are determined by dimensional transmutation a la Coleman-Weinberg, and may be considerably larger than the magnitudes of susy breaking mass parameters. In this scenario m/sub t/>or=65 GeV, the supersymmetric partners of known particles may have masses <<m/sub W/, the mass of the lighter neutral scalar Higgs boson is determined by radiative corrections, and there is some variant of a light pseudoscalar axion. In contrast to conventional Coleman-Weinberg models, the weak phase transition is second order and there is no likelihood of excess entropy production. Title: Gravitationally induced baryon decay Author: Ellis-J; Hagelin-JS; Nanopoulos-DV; Tamvakis-K Source: AIP-Conference-Proceedings. no.116; 1984; p.77-90 Publication Year: 1984 Language: English Abstract: The authors find that in supersymmetric theories gravitodynamic effects scaled by the inverse of the Planck mass can induce baryon decay at an observable rate. In a minimal supersymmetric (susy) grand unified theory (GUT) the dominant gravitationally induced baryon decay mode is B to nu +K, with a likely admixture of p to (e/sup +/ or mu /sup +/)+K. As a by-product, they present an improved estimate of Higgs-mediated baryon decay branching ratios in minimal susy GUTs. They consider the possibility that a loss of quantum coherence may be observable in gravitationally induced baryon decay, but argue that this would be difficult to reconcile with successful experimental tests of quantum mechanics. Title: Strange decays and new physics Author: Hagelin-JS Source: Flavor Mixing in Weak Interactions. Proceedings of the Europhysics Topical Conference. Plenum, New York, NY, USA; 1984; xii+803 pp. p.559-76 Publication Year: 1984 Language: English Abstract: The author considers the rare decays K/sub L/ to mu e, K/sup +/ to pi /sup +/ mu e and K/sub L/ to e/sup +/e/sup -/ in the context of extended technicolor and multiple Higgs theories. Longitudinal polarization in K/sub L/ to mu mu is presented as a sensitive test for flavor-changing neutral scalars with CP-violating couplings. The measured b-quark lifetime constrains the KM angles s/sub 2/ and s/sub 3/, leading to improved bounds on the decay K/sup +/ to pi /sup +/ nu nu in the standard model. A measurement of this rare decay would test the radiative neutral current structure of the standard model, and would also provide a sensitive probe of new physics. Title: Cosmological constraints on supergravity models Author: Ellis-J; Hagelin-JS; Nanopoulos-DV Source: Physics-Letters-B. vol.159B, no.1; 12 Sept. 1985; p.26-31 Publication Year: 1985 Language: English Abstract: The authors delineate the domain of supersymmetry breaking parameters in minimal supergravity models for which the cosmological relic photino density is no larger than the closure density. Demanding that the relic density equal the closure density as suggested by inflationary cosmology suggests m/sub q/ approximately=42 GeV+0.89 m/sub g/. They point out that several supergravity scenarios for the monojet events at the CERN pp collider would yield a relic density considerably greater than the closure density. Title: Cosmic ray antimatter from supersymmetric dark matter Author: Hagelin-JS; Kane-GL Source: Nuclear-Physics-B,-Particle-Physics. vol.B263, no.2; 20 Jan. 1986; p.399-412 Publication Year: 1986 Language: English Abstract: The authors study the antiproton, positron and gamma-ray fluxes resulting from the annihilation of supersymmetric dark matter in the galactic halo. They show that the requirement of closure imposed by inflationary cosmologies constrains the supersymmetric dark matter to be either a relatively pure photino eigenstate or a relatively pure higgsino eigenstate, or possibly a scalar neutrino with a mass less than 4 GeV. The photino choice can lead to observable p fluxes when sfermion masses are <or approximately=50-60 GeV. Such a scenario is testable via the radiative production of photinos at PEP and PETRA. The higgsino scenario leads to observable p fluxes independent of sfermion masses, provided (0 mod H/sub 0//sup 1/ mod 0)/(0 mod H/sub 0//sup 2/ mod 0)= nu /sub s/1/ nu /sub 2/>or approximately=2. In contrast, sneutrino dark matter annihilates almost entirely into neutrinos, resulting in a monochromatic neutrino flux that is probably unobservable. Title: Superstring dark matter Author: Campbell-BA; Ellis-J; Enqvist-K; Nanopoulos-DV; Hagelin-JS; Olive-KA Source: Physics-Letters-B. vol.173, no.3; 12 June 1986; p.270-8 Publication Year: 1986 Language: English Abstract: It is argued that the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) emerging from the superstring theory is a mixture of neutral gauginos and matter fermions. Their mixing matrix is presented, calculated in a plausible minimal low-energy model abstracted from the superstring and the composition of the LSP chi is exhibited. Its relic cosmological density is computed and it is found that it lies within a factor 2 of the critical density required for closure, over a wide range of possible input parameters. Also the flux of neutrinos from LSP annihilation in the Sun is computed, and it is found that it straddles the upper bound from proton decay detectors. Acceptable fluxes are obtained if m/sub chi /<m/sub t/, in which case the superstring relic can have the critical density for a present Hubble expansion rate H/sub 0/>or approximately=50 km/s/Mpc only if m/sub t/>or approximately=40 GeV. Title: A high-energy neutrino signature from supersymmetric relics Author: Hagelin-JS; Ng-KW; Olive-KA Source: Physics-Letters-B. vol.180, no.4; 20 Nov. 1986; p.375-80 Publication Year: 1986 Language: English Abstract: The authors compute the energy spectrum of high-energy (0.1-10 GeV) neutrinos produced by the annihilation of supersymmetric (SUSY) cold dark matter trapped in the sun. They compare this spectrum to the spectrum of atmospheric neutrinos and find that in the direction of the sun the solar flux of neutrinos can exceed the atmospheric background for neutrino energies E/sub v/>or approximately=1 GeV, and are as much as a factor approximately 30 above background for energies E/sub nu / approximately few GeV. They discuss these signatures for standard SUSY relics as well as for superstring relics. Title: Re-examination of the standard model in the light of B meson mixing Author: Ellis-J; Hagelin-JS; Rudaz-S Source: Physics-Letters-B. vol.192, no.1-2; 25 June 1987; p.201-6 Publication Year: 1987 Language: English Abstract: The authors examine the consistency of the standard model in the light of recent evidence for B/sub d//sup 0/-B/sub d//sup 0/ and possible B/sub s//sup 0/-B/sub s//sup 0/ mixing. They find that a consistent determination of the Kobayashi-Maskawa angles is possible only if m/sub t/>or approximately=50 GeV. They confirm previous expectations that B/sub 2//sup 0/-B/sub s//sup 0/ mixing should be large, though not necessarily maximal. The top quark contributions to K/sub L/ to mu /sup +/ mu /sup -/ and to the K/sub L/-K/sub S/ mass difference are small. The observed value of the CP impurity parameter epsilon in the K/sup 0/-K/sup 0/ system is now easily accommodated, while previous predictions for epsilon '/ epsilon are essentially unchanged. They obtain significantly improved upper and lower bounds on the rate for K/sup +/ to pi /sup +/ nu nu , which is expected to have a branching ratio of (1-8)*10/sup -10/. Observation of this decay would yield significant new con! straints on the standard model. Title: Supersymmetric flipped SU(5) revitalized Author: Antoniadis-I; Ellis-J; Hagelin-JS; Nanopoulos-DV Source: Physics-Letters-B. vol.194, no.2; 6 Aug. 1987; p.231-5 Publication Year: 1987 Language: English Abstract: The authors describe a simple N=1 supersymmetric GUT based on the group SU(5)*U(1) which has the following virtues; the gauge group is broken down to the SU(3)/sub C/*SU(2)/sub L/*U(1)/sub y/ of the standard model using just 10, 10 Higgs representations, and the doublet-triplet mass splitting problem is solved naturally by a very simple missing-partner mechanism. The successful supersymmetric GUT prediction for sin/sup 2/ theta /sub w/ can be maintained, whilst there are no fermion mass relations. The gauge group and representation structure of the model may be obtainable from the superstring. Title: Supercosmology revitalized Author: Campbell-BA; Ellis-J; Hagelin-JS; Nanopoulos-DV; Olive-KA Source: Physics-Letters-B. vol.197, no.3; 29 Oct. 1987; p.355-62 Publication Year: 1987 Language: English Abstract: Strong coupling effects can avert excess entropy production in supersymmetric models with a large intermediate scale due to symmetry breaking along a flat direction in the effective potential. This is because strong-coupling effects may break supersymmetry giving a large vacuum energy which destabilizes the symmetric field configuration. Alternatively, the reduced number of degrees of freedom in the confined phase destabilize the symmetric field configuration at a high temperature T>>m/sub W/. This principle is exhibited in a simple supersymmetric flipped SU(5)*U(1) GUT model inspired by the superstring. Compatible scenarios for baryosynthesis are briefly discussed. Title: Flipped SU(5) from manifold compactification of the ten-dimensional heterotic string Author: Campbell-BA; Ellis-J; Hagelin-JS; Nanopoulos-DV; Ticciati-R Source: Physics-Letters-B. vol.198, no.2; 19 Nov. 1987; p.200-4 Publication Year: 1987 Language: English Abstract: The authors show that a recently proposed flipped SU(5)*U(1)GUT cannot be obtained from a conventional SO(10) GUT, nor from the heterotic string by Hosotani gauge symmetry breaking of E/sub 6/ on a manifold with (2, 2) world-sheet supersymmetry. It can in principle be obtained by Hosotani gauge symmetry breaking of SO(10) on a manifold with (1, 2) world-sheet supersymmetry. They identify the topological conditions under which the required chiral matter generations, Higgs multiplets, and gauge singlet fields can be light. In particular they show that non-perturbative world-sheet instanton effects neither destabilize the manifold nor give masses to the gauge singlets. The required Yukawa couplings are not forbidden by any known selection rules. Title: Implications of B/sub d//sup 0/-B/sub d//sup 0/ mixing for physics in the standard model Author: Ellis-J; Hagelin-JS; Rudaz-S Source: Standard Model: Supernova 1987A. Proceedings of the Leptonic Session of the Twenty-Second Rencontre de Moriond. Vol.1. Editions Frontieres, Gif sur Yvette, France; 1987; xi+796 pp. p.353-60 Publication Year: 1987 Language: English Abstract: The authors examine the consistency of the Standard Model in the light of recent evidence for B/sub d//sup 0/-B/sub d//sup 0/ mixing. They find that a consistent determination of the Kobayashi-Maskawa angles is possible only if m/sub t/>or approximately=50 GeV. They confirm previous expectations that B/sub s//sup 0/-B/sub s//sup 0/ mixing should be large, through not necessarily maximal. The top quark contributions to K/sub L/ to mu /sup +/ mu /sup -/ and to the K/sub L/-K/sub S/ mass difference are small, while previous predictions for epsilon '/ epsilon are essentially unchanged. They obtain significantly improved upper and lower bounds on the rate for K/sup +/ to pi /sup +/ nu nu which is expected to have a branching ratio of (1 to 8)*10/sup -10/. Title: Supersymmetric dark matter Author: Hagelin-JS Source: Standard Model: Supernova 1987A. Proceedings of the Leptonic Session of the Twenty-Second Rencontre de Moriond. Vol.1. Editions Frontieres, Gif sur Yvette, France; 1987; xi+796 pp. p.679-88 Publication Year: 1987 Language: English Abstract: The author shows that substantial dark matter abundances are a generic feature of supersymmetric models. In particular, plausible supersymmetric models obtained by Calabi-Yau compactification of the heterotic string lead to an expected relic mass density rho /sub X/ approximately= rho /sub c/*2/sup 0+or-1/. The author computes the flux of high energy (0.1-10 GeV) neutrinos produced by the annihilation of supersymmetric dark matter trapped in the Sun, and concludes that many supersymmetric dark matter candidates, including photinos and Higgsinos, lead to potentially observable neutrino fluxes. In particular, sneutrinos with masses m/sub nu />or approximately=3 GeV are ruled out as halo dark matter candidates by the IMB data on through-going muons. Title: Gut model-building with fermionic four-dimensional strings Author: Antoniadis-I; Ellis-J; Hagelin-JS; Nanopoulos-DV Source: Physics-Letters-B. vol.205, no.4; 5 May 1988; p.459-65 Publication Year: 1988 Language: English Abstract: The authors report a first attempt at model-building using the fermionic formulation of string theories directly in four dimensions. An example is presented of a supersymmetric flipped SU(5)*xU(1) model with three generations and an adjustable hidden sector gauge group. The simplest version of the model contains most of the Yukawa couplings required by phenomenology, but not all those needed to give masses to quarks or conjugate neutrinos. These defects may be remedied in a more general version of the model. Title: Implications of recent measurements of B meson mixing and epsilon '/ epsilon /sub K/ Author: Ellis-J; Hagelin-JS; Rudaz-S; Wu-D-D Source: Nuclear-Physics-B,-Particle-Physics. vol.B304, no.2; 25 July 1988; p.205-35 Publication Year: 1988 Language: English Abstract: Within the Standard Model, the recent observation of B/sub d//sup 0/-B/sub d//sup 0/ meson mixing provides a lower bound on the top quark mass which is m/sub t/>or approximately=50 to 100 GeV, depending on experimental and theoretical uncertainties. Conversely, flavour-conserving neutral-current upper bounds on m/sub t/ in combination with B/sub d//sup 0/-B/sub d//sup 0/ mixing provide nontrivial lower bounds on hadronic current matrix elements. The lower bound on m/sub t/ is only marginally improved by incorporating as a constraint the CP violation epsilon /sub K/ observed in the K/sup 0/-K/sup 0/ mass matrix, which allows, in principle, a determination of all the Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix elements. The preliminary measurement of epsilon '/ epsilon /sub K/ falls comfortably within the range predicted from using these other weak measurements, favouring m/sub t/ approximately 100 GeV within large errors. The Standard Model predicts large B/sub s//sup 0/-B/sub s//su! p 0/ mixing, but small CP-viola Title: More flipped SU(5)*U(1) baryosynthesis Author: Ellis-J; Hagelin-JS; Nanopoulos-DV; Olive-KA Source: Physics-Letters-B. vol.207, no.4; 30 June 1988; p.451-6 Publication Year: 1988 Language: English Abstract: The authors supplement a previous discussion of baryosynthesis in flipped SU(5)*U(1) GUTs by including (1) the large incoherent field energy density which is likely when SU(5) is broken, and (2) the possibility of additional Higgs triplet fields suggested by four-dimensional string model-building. They consider strong (weak) reheating scenarios in which the Universe is (is not) SU(5) symmetric after inflation. They find an adequate baryon asymmetry subsequent to strong reheating, whatever the number of Higgs triplets (although beware of possible difficulties with quasi-stable relic particles), whereas weak reheating requires at least two Higgs triplets. Title: Flipped dark matter Author: Ellis-J; Hagelin-JS; Kelley-S; Nanopouls-DV; Olive-KA Source: Physics-Letters-B. vol.209, no.2-3; 4 Aug. 1988; p.283-8 Publication Year: 1988 Language: English Abstract: The authors study candidates for dark matter in a minimal flipped SU(5)*U(1) supersymmetric GUT. Since the model has no R-parity, spin-1/2 supersymmetric partners of conventional particles mix with other neutral fermions including neutrinos, and can decay into them. The lightest particle which is predominantly a gaugino/higgsino mixture decays with a lifetime tau /sub chi / approximately 1-10/sup 9/ s. The model contains a scalar 'flaton' field whose coherent oscillations decay before cosmological nucleosynthesis, and whose pseudoscalar partner contributes negligibly to Omega if it is light enough to survive to the present epoch. The fermionic 'flatino' partner of the flaton has a lifetime approximately 10/sup 28/-10/sup 34/ yr and is a viable candidate for metastable dark matter with Omega <or approximately=1. Title: Implications of B/sub d//sup 0/-B/sub d//sup 0/ mixing for physics in the Standard Model Author: Ellis-J; Hagelin-JS; Rudaz-S Source: Eighth Workshop on Grand Unification. World Scientific, Singapore; 1988; xi+451 pp. p.58-70 Publication Year: 1988 Language: English Abstract: The authors examine the consistency of the Standard Model in the light of recent evidence for B/sub d//sup 0/-B/sub d//sup 0/ mixing. They find that a consistent determination of the Kobayashi-Maskawa angles is possible only if m/sub t/>or approximately=50 GeV. They confirm previous expectations that B/sub s//sup 0/-B/sub s//sup 0/ mixing should be large, though not necessarily maximal. The top quark contributions to K/sub L/ to mu /sup +/ mu /sup -/ and to the K/sub L/-K/sub S/ mass difference are small, while previous predictions for epsilon '/ epsilon as a function of m/sub t/ are essentially unchanged. They obtain significantly improved upper and lower bounds on the rate for K/sup +/ to pi /sup +/ nu nu , which is expected to have a branching ratio of (1 to 8)*10/sup -10/. Observation of this decay would yield significant new constraints on the Standard Model. Title: Chaotic inflation and cold baryosynthesis in a supersymmetric GUT Author: Connors-L; Deans-AJ; Hagelin-JS Source: Physics-Letters-B. vol.220, no.3; 6 April 1989; p.368-74 Publication Year: 1989 Language: English Abstract: The authors consider chaotic inflation followed by Affleck-Dine cold baryosynthesis (1985) in a recently proposed flipped SU(5)*(1) GUT derived from the superstring. They show that the presence of a 'quasi-flat' direction lambda Phi /sub QF//sup 4/ in the scalar potential with lambda = mod lambda /sup e/ mod /sup 2/ approximately 10/sup -11/ leads naturally to density perturbations delta rho / rho approximately 10/sup -4/-10/sup -5/. They also show that the decay of an Affleck-Dine-like direction Phi /sub AD/ leads naturally to n/sub B//s approximately 10/sup -6/-10/sup -10/ taking account of the large increase in entropy Delta approximately 10/sup 8/ produced by the subsequent decay of the 'flaton' field Phi responsible for GUT symmetry breaking. Title: Aspects of the flipped unification of strong, weak and electromagnetic interactions Author: Ellis-J; Hagelin-JS; Kelley-S; Nanopoulos-DV Source: Nuclear-Physics-B,-Particle-Physics. vol.B311, no.1; 19 Dec. 1988; p.1-34 Publication Year: 1988 Language: English Abstract: The authors phenomenological aspects of a recently proposed flipped SU(5)*U(1) supersymmetric GUT which incorporates an economical and natural mechanism for splitting Higgs doublets and triplets, and can be derived from string theory. Using experimental values of sin/sup 2/ theta /sub w/ and the strong QCD coupling they estimate the grand unification scale M/sub G/, where the strong and weak coupling strengths are equal, and the superunification scale M/sub SU/, where all couplings are equal. They discuss different mechanisms for baryon decays, finding that the dominant one is gauge-boson exchange giving rise to p to c/sup +/ pi /sup 0/, nu pi /sup +/ and n to e/sup +/ pi /sup -/, nu pi /sup 0/ with partial lifetimes approximately 10/sup 35+or-2/ y. They show that a large GUT symmetry-breaking scale M/sub G/ is naturally generated by radiative corrections to the effective potential if a small amount approximately m/sub w/ of soft, supersymmetry breaking is generated dynamically at a large scal Title: Does weakly interacting dark matter change the primordial abundance of light elements? Author: Hagelin-JS; Parker-RJD; Hankey-A Source: Physics-Letters-B. vol.215, no.2; 15 Dec. 1988; p.397-403 Publication Year: 1988 Language: English Abstract: The authors show that the annihilation of cold, weakly interacting dark matter candidates ( chi ) subsequent to chi chi freeze-out can significantly affect the primordial abundance of light elements. The largest effects are (1) chi chi annihilations increase the n/p ratio prior to and during nucleosynthesis, leading to increased /sup 4/He production, and (2) chi chi annihilations following helium synthesis dissociate some of the /sup 4/He into /sup 3/He and D, leading to increased D+/sup 3/He abundances. Assuming rho /sub chi /= rho /sub c/. They find that massive Dirac neutrinos can cause overproduction of D+/sup 3/He for values of the Hubble parameter h>or approximately=0.7, while Majorana neutrinos, higgsinos and photinos can lead to observable effects for M/sub chi /<or approximately=6 GeV. Title: Rare kaon decays Author: Hagelin-JS; Littenberg-LS Source: Progress-in-Particle-and-Nuclear-Physics. vol.23; 1989; p.1-40 Publication Year: 1989 Language: English Abstract: The authors present a comprehensive review of the current theoretical and experimental status of rare kaon decays. The Standard Model contributions to K/sup +/ to pi /sup +/ nu nu , K/sub L/ to pi /sup 0/ nu nu , and K/sub L/ to pi /sup 0/ee are analyzed in detail, followed by a discussion of alternative theoretical frameworks that could modify the Standard Model predictions. Special attention is paid to 'direct' super-symmetric flavor-changing neutral currents induced by renormalization-group scaling in minimal and in non-minimal supersymmetry. They review the theoretical motivations for the lepton number-violating decays K/sub L/ to mu e and K/sup +/ to pi /sup +/ mu e, and present bounds on the new interactions which mediate these processes. They describe the present cadre of rare kaon detectors, discuss the significance of their recent results, and assess to what extent their future results are likely to address the fundamental issues outlined above. Title: The flipped SU(5)*U(1) string model revamped Author: Antoniadis-I; Ellis-J; Hagelin-JS; Nanopoulos-DV Source: Physics-Letters-B. vol.231, no.1-2; 2 Nov. 1989; p.65-74 Publication Year: 1989 Language: English Abstract: The authors present a refined version of the three-generation flipped SU(5)*U(1) string model with the following properties. The complete massless spectrum is derived and shown to be free of all gauge and mixed anomalies apart from a single anomalous U(1). The imaginary part of the dilaton supermultiplet is eaten by the anomalous U(1) gauge boson, and the corresponding D-term is cancelled by large VEVs for singlet fields that break surplus U(1) gauge factors, leaving a supersymmetric vacuum with an SU(5)*U(1) visible gauge group and an SO(10)*SO(6) hidden gauge group. There are sufficient Higgs multiplets to break the visible gauge symmetry down to the standard model in an essentially unique way. All trilinear superpotential couplings have been calculated and there are in particular some giving m/sub t/, m/sub b/, m/sub tau / not=0. A renormalization group analysis shows that m/sub t/<190 GeV and m/sub b/ approximately=3m/sub tau /. Light Higgs doublets are split automatically from heavy Higgs Title: The effects of cold dark matter on standard big bang nucleosynthesis Author: Hagelin-JS; Parker-RJD Source: Nuclear-Physics-B,-Particle-Physics. vol.B329, no.2; 8 Jan. 1990; p.464-92 Publication Year: 1990 Language: English Abstract: The authors show that the annihilation of cold, weakly-interacting dark matter candidates ( chi ) subsequent to chi chi freeze-out can significantly affect the primordial abundance of light elements. The largest effects are (i) between the n/p freeze-out temperature (T approximately=0.7 MeV) and the onset of nucleosynthesis at T approximately=0.1 MeV, chi chi annihilations increase the n/p ratio, leading to increased /sup 4/He production; (ii) following /sup 4/He synthesis, baryonic products p, n, n of chi chi annihilations dissociate some of the /sup 4/He into D and /sup 3/He, leading to increased D+/sup 3/He abundances; (iii) toward the end of nucleosynthesis, neutrons from chi chi annihilation lead to n+/sup 7/Be to p+/sup 7/Li, resulting in increased /sup 7/Li+/sup 7/Be production for low values of eta identical to n/sub b//n/sub gamma / and decreased /sup 7/Li+/sup 7/Be production for large eta ; and (iv) long after nucleosynthesis, once the universe cools below T approximately=1 keV, the Title: Sparticle masses as a probe of GUT physics Author: Hagelin-JS; Kelley-S Source: Nuclear-Physics-B,-Particle-Physics. vol.B342, no.1; 24 Sept. 1990; p.95-107 Publication Year: 1990 Language: English Abstract: The authors show that the spontaneous breaking of intermediate-scale gauge symmetries at scales (M/sub I/ or M/sub GUT/)>>m/sub W/ induced by soft supersymmetry-breaking terms mu /sub 1/2/, m/sub 0/, A approximately=O(m/sub W/) causes sizable D-term contributions O(m/sub W/) to all low-energy scalar masses (squarks, sleptons and Higgses) which possess non-vanishing charges under the broken generators. Using this fact one can discriminate, based on the low-energy spectrum, between various popular intermediate-scales or grand-unified gauge groups. They prescribe a corrected procedure for computing large logarithmic corrections to the low-energy potential which includes leading logarithms generally neglected in previous calculations. Title: Rare decays and CP violation in supersymmetry Author: Hagelin-JS Source: CP Violation in Particle Physics and Astrophysics. Editions Frontieres, Gif sur Yvette, France; 1990; xxiv+712 pp. p.355-73 Publication Year: 1990 Language: English Abstract: The authors present a detailed discussion of rare decays and CP violation in the framework of supersymmetry. Special attention is paid to 'direct' flavor-changing neutral currents induced by renormalization-group scaling both in and beyond the minimal supersymmetric Standard Model. Title: Sparticle spectroscopy Author: Faraggi-AE; Hagelin-JS; Kelley-S; Nanopoulos-DV Source: Physical-Review-D-(Particles-and-Fields). vol.45, no.9; 1 May 1992; p.3272-5 Publication Year: 1992 Language: English Abstract: The authors propose a program where measurements of sparticle masses at future accelerators such as the Large Hadron Collider and the Superconducting Super Collider determine tan beta , the universal soft supersymmetry-breaking gaugino mass m/sub 1/2/, and the universal soft supersymmetry-breaking scalar mass m/sub 0/. This could be accomplished with the knowledge of three sparticle masses. If additional sparticle masses are not consistent with the derived values of tan beta , m/sub 1/2/, and m/sub 0/, this could signal a gauge group with rank greater than that of the standard model. They explain how measurements of additional sparticle masses discriminate between different extensions of the standard-model gauge group. Other exotic physics such as additional Yukawa couplings, extra generation-dependent heavy gauge bosons, and nonuniversal supersymmetry breaking also leave imprints on the sparticle spectrum. They briefly address fine points in calculating sparticle masses and experimental prosp Title: Recent progress in 4-D string model building Author: Hagelin-JS Source: Proceedings of the Second International Symposium. Particles, Strings and Cosmology. World Scientific, Singapore; 1992; xvi+921 pp. p.196-212 Publication Year: 1992 Language: English Abstract: The author reviews progress in realistic model building based on the 4-D string. He presents a specific three-generation flipped SU(5)*U(1) model with natural doublet-triplet splitting, slow proton decay, light neutrinos, and hierarchical quark and lepton masses and CKM mixings. He presents a general discussion of string phenomenology in which he identifies several novel signatures from the superstring, including large lepton flavor violations, exotic proton decay, and a highly distinctive supersymmetric spectrum. His phenomenological conclusions include both results that are specific to the flipped string and those that generalize. Title: Rare decays: a theoretical overview Author: Hagelin-JS Source: AIP-Conference-Proceedings. no.261; 1992; p.3-24 Publication Year: 1992 Language: English Abstract: The author presents a brief theoretical overview of rare kaon decays both in and beyond the standard model. The standard model contributions to K/sup +/ to pi /sup +/ nu nu , K/sub L/ to pi /sup 0/ nu nu , and K/sub L/ to pi /sup 0/ee are analyzed in detail, followed by a discussion of alternative theoretical frameworks that could modify the standard model predictions. Special attention is paid to 'direct' supersymmetric flavor-changing neutral currents induced by renormalization-group scaling in minimal and in non-minimal supersymmetry. He emphasizes the importance of rare decays as a sensitive probe of physics beyond the standard model. Title: Exact supersymmetric amplitude for K/sup 0/-K/sup 0/ and B/sup 0/-B/sup 0/ mixing Author: Hagelin-JS; Kelley-S; Tanaka-T Source: Modern-Physics-Letters-A. vol.8, no.29; 21 Sept. 1993; p.2737-45 Publication Year: 1993 Language: English Abstract: We present the most general supersymmetric amplitude for K/sup 0/-K/sup 0/ and B/sup 0/-B/sup 0/ mixing resulting from gluino box diagrams. We use this amplitude to place general constraints on the magnitude of flavor-changing squark mass mixings, and compare these constraints with theoretical predictions both in and beyond the minimal supersymmetric standard model. Title: Supersymmetry mechanism for naturally small density perturbations and baryogenesis Author: Connors-L; Deans-AJ; Hagelin-JS Source: Physical-Review-Letters. vol.71, no.26; 27 Dec. 1993; p.4291-4 Publication Year: 1993 Language: English Abstract: We propose a mechanism by which density perturbations delta rho / rho approximately 10/sup -4/ and a baryon asymmetry n/sub B//s approximately 10/sup -10/ can naturally be generated in any realistic supersymmetric theory. By "naturally" we mean that the coefficient lambda in the usual toy-model inflationary potential V= lambda phi /sup 4/ is related to the superpotential Yukama coupling lambda /sup e/ which generates the electron mass. We identify a nine-parameter "quasiflat" direction which generates delta rho / rho through chaotic inflation and which leads to an Affleck-Dine valley (flat direction) where primordial baryogenesis occurs. Title: Flavor changing neutral currents in supersymmetry Author: Hagelin-JS; Kelley-S Source: International Workshop on Supersymmetry and Unification of Fundamental Interactions, SUSY Ninety Three. World Scientific, Singapore; 1993; xxviii+603 pp. p.243-52 Publication Year: 1993 Language: English Abstract: We present the most general supersymmetric amplitude for K/sup 0/-K/sup 0/ and B/sup 0/-B/sup 0/ mixing resulting from gluino box diagrams. We use this amplitude to place general constraints on the magnitude of flavor-changing squark mass mixings, and compare these constraints to theoretical predictions both in and beyond the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model. Title: Supersymmetric flavor-changing neutral currents: exact amplitudes and phenomenological analysis Author: Hagelin-JS; Kelley-S; Tanaka-T Source: Nuclear-Physics-B. vol.B415, no.2; 7 March 1994; p.293-331 Publication Year: 1994 Language: English Abstract: We present an exact calculation of the most general supersymmetric amplitudes for K/sup 0/-K/sup 0/ and B/sup 0/-B/sup 0/ mixing resulting from gluino box diagrams. We use these amplitudes to place general constraints on the magnitude of off-generational, flavor-changing mass mixings in the squark mass matrices (with arbitrary chirality structures) that can arise both in and beyond the minimal supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). We use the renormalization-group equations to estimate these mass mixings in the MSSM and in nonminimal supersymmetric models in terms of a general parameterization of universal soft supersymmetry breaking. We show that while these mass mixings are too small in the MSSM to yield any observable effects, the converse is true in most nontrivial extensions of the MSSM, including supersymmetric GUTs. In nonminimal supersymmetry, the K/sub L/-K/sub S/ mass difference is sensitive to such contributions from supersymmetric particles with masses! up to 100 TeV (10 TeV for the Title: Using gauge coupling unification and proton decay to test minimal supersymmetric SU(5) Author: Hagelin-JS; Kelley-S; Ziegler-V Source: Physics-Letters-B. vol.342, no.1-4; 12 Jan. 1995; p.145-51 Publication Year: 1995 Language: English Abstract: We derive a one-loop expression, including all thresholds, for the mass of the proton decay mediating color triplets, M(D/sup c/), in minimal supersymmetric SU(5). The result for M(D/sup c/) does not depend on other heavy thresholds or extra representations with SU(5) invariant masses which might be added to the minimal model. We numerically correct our result to two-loop accuracy. Choosing inputs to maximize M(D/sup c/) and tau /sub P/, Within experimental limits on the inputs and a 1 TeV naturalness bound, we derive a strict bound alpha /sub 3/>0.117. We discuss how this bound will change as experimental limits improve. Measurements of alpha /sub 3/ from deep inelastic scattering and the charmonium spectrum are below the bound as alpha /sub 3/>0.117 by more than 3 sigma . We briefly review several ideas of how to resolve the discrepancy between these low values of as and the determinations of alpha /sub 3/ from LEP event shapes. 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